Artificial intelligence–based predictive models in vascular diseases

Eco-Color Doppler, Intelligenza Artificiale

Authors: Fabien Lareyre, Arindam Chaudhuri, Christian-Alexander Behrendt, Alexandre Pouhin, Martin Teraa, Jonathan R. Boyle, Riikka Tulamo, Juliette Raffort

Abstract: Cardiovascular disease represents a source of major health problems worldwide, and although medical and technical advances have been achieved, they are still associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. Personalized medicine would benefit from novel tools to better predict individual prognosis and outcomes after intervention. Artificial intelligence (AI) has brought new insights to cardiovascular medicine, especially with the use of machine learning techniques that allow the identification of hidden patterns and complex associations in health data without any a priori assumptions. This review provides an overview on the use of artificial intelligence–based prediction models in vascular diseases, specifically focusing on aortic aneurysm, lower extremity arterial disease, and carotid stenosis. Potential benefits include the development of precision medicine in patients with vascular diseases. In addition, the main challenges that remain to be overcome to integrate artificial intelligence–based predictive models in clinical practice are discussed.

Fonte:
Seminars in Vascular Surgery
Volume 36, Issue 3, September 2023, Pages 440-447
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1053/j.semvascsurg.2023.05.002
© 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

A Review of the Role of Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare

Eco-Color Doppler, Intelligenza Artificiale

Authors: Ahmed Al Kuwaiti, Khalid Nazer, Abdullah Al-Reedy, Shaher Al-Shehri, Afnan Al-Muhanna, Arun Vijay Subbarayalu, Dhoha Al Muhanna, Fahad A Al-Muhanna

Abstract: Artificial intelligence (AI) applications have transformed healthcare. This study is based on a general literature review uncovering the role of AI in healthcare and focuses on the following key aspects: (i) medical imaging and diagnostics, (ii) virtual patient care, (iii) medical research and drug discovery, (iv) patient engagement and compliance, (v) rehabilitation, and (vi) other administrative applications. The impact of AI is observed in detecting clinical conditions in medical imaging and diagnostic services, controlling the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) with early diagnosis, providing virtual patient care using AI-powered tools, managing electronic health records, augmenting patient engagement and compliance with the treatment plan, reducing the administrative workload of healthcare professionals (HCPs), discovering new drugs and vaccines, spotting medical prescription errors, extensive data storage and analysis, and technology-assisted rehabilitation. Nevertheless, this science pitch meets several technical, ethical, and social challenges, including privacy, safety, the right to decide and try, costs, information and consent, access, and efficacy, while integrating AI into healthcare. The governance of AI applications is crucial for patient safety and accountability and for raising HCPs’ belief in enhancing acceptance and boosting significant health consequences. Effective governance is a prerequisite to precisely address regulatory, ethical, and trust issues while advancing the acceptance and implementation of AI. Since COVID-19 hit the global health system, the concept of AI has created a revolution in healthcare, and such an uprising could be another step forward to meet future healthcare needs.

Fonte:
J. Pers. Med. 2023, 13, 951.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm13060951
© 2023 by the authors